The Molecular and Cellular Underpinnings of Cirrhosis of the Liver

Cirrhosis is among the leading causes of death worldwide, making up 3.5% global deaths. It characterized by replacement liver parenchyma with fibrotic tissue and progressively leads to complete failure organ. classified into 2 types – compensated decompensated based on complications such as esophageal varices, hepatic encephalopathy, asterixis, ascites. The main contributors disease include infection alcohol use these, in turn, affect 4 cell types- Hepatic Stellate Cells, Hepatocytes, LSECs, Kupffer Cells. Commonly observed patients cirrhosis, stellate cells are a change phenotype often seen wound healing mechanisms high proliferation whereas apoptosis hepatocytes key feature inflammation. polarization Cells secretion proinflammatory cytokines another cause cirrhosis from fenestrated smooth, capillarized Sinusoidal Endothelial role immunology important topic where changes concentration complement proteins, can number dendritic pro- anti-inflammatory responses. Modern treatment for has been shaped these cells, complications, molecules. In this review, we shall discuss all topics greater detail along interesting ideas reversibility fibrosis well future research treatments, current findings.